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Magnetostriction is a property of magnetic materials that causes them to change their shape or dimensions during the process of magnetization.The variation of materials' magnetization due to the applied magnetic field changes the magnetostrictive strain until reaching its saturation value, λ.
The magnetostriction characterizes the shape change of a ferromagnetic material during magnetization, whereas the inverse magnetostrictive effect characterizes the change of sample magnetization (for given magnetizing field strength ) when mechanical stresses are applied to the sample.
Magnetostriction is thermodynamically opposite to inverse magnetostriction effect. The same situation occurs for Wiedemann and Matteuci effects. For magnetic, mechanical and electric phenomena in fluids see Magnetohydrodynamics and Electrohydrodynamics .
However, coupling between the magnetization and the lattice does result in deformation, an effect called magnetostriction. To keep the lattice from deforming, a stress must be applied. If the crystal is not under stress, magnetostriction alters the effective magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
Magnetostriction, a property of ferromagnetic materials that causes them to change their shape when subjected to a magnetic field. The Joule effect (during Joule expansion), the temperature change of a gas (usually cooling) when it is allowed to expand freely.
Magnetoresistance is the tendency of a material (often ferromagnetic) to change the value of its electrical resistance in an externally-applied magnetic field.There are a variety of effects that can be called magnetoresistance.
The low magnetostriction is critical for industrial applications, allowing it to be used in thin films where variable stresses would otherwise cause a ruinously large variation in magnetic properties. Permalloy's electrical resistivity can vary as much as 5% depending on the strength and the direction of an applied magnetic field.
The magnetostriction effect has been used to generate both SH-type and Lamb type waves in steel products. Recently, due to the stronger magnetostriction effect in nickel than steel, magnetostriction sensors using nickel patches have been developed for the nondestructive testing of steel products.