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Usually, a "phenyl group" is synonymous with C 6 H 5 − and is represented by the symbol Ph (archaically, Φ), or Ø. Benzene is sometimes denoted as PhH. Phenyl groups are generally attached to other atoms or groups. For example, triphenylmethane (Ph 3 CH) has three phenyl groups attached to the same carbon center. Many or even most phenyl ...
The simplest aryl group is phenyl, which is made up of a benzene ring with one of its hydrogen atom replaced by some substituent, and has the molecular formula C 6 H 5 −. Note that a phenyl group is not the same as a benzyl group , the latter consisting of a phenyl group attached to a methyl group and a molecular formula of C 6 H 5 CH 2 − .
It is accomplished by loss of one or more electrons. The atom whose oxidation number decreases gains (receives) one or more electrons and is said to be reduced. This relation can be remembered by the following mnemonics. Leo says Ger! or Leo the lion, Ger! can be used to represent Loss of electron is oxidation; Gain of electron is reduction ...
The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each. Because it contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon. Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum and is one of the elementary petrochemicals.
This category includes chemical compounds that include a phenyl group, C 6 H 5 –. (That is, benzene with only one substituent or bond.) For benzene derivatives ( derivatives or structural analogs of benzene ) in which benzene has multiple substituents or bonds, see the parent category, Category:Benzene derivatives .
The skeletal formula of the antidepressant drug escitalopram, featuring skeletal representations of heteroatoms, a triple bond, phenyl groups and stereochemistry. The skeletal formula, line-angle formula, bond-line formula or shorthand formula of an organic compound is a type of molecular structural formula that serves as a shorthand representation of a molecule's bonding and some details of ...
Suffixes can be combined, as in methylidyne (triple bond) vs. methylylidene (single bond and double bond) vs. methanetriyl (three double bonds). There are some retained names, such as methylene for methanediyl, 1,x- phenylene for phenyl-1,x-diyl (where x is 2, 3, or 4), [ 5 ] carbyne for methylidyne, and trityl for triphenylmethyl.
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...