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The human musculoskeletal system is made up of the bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, [1] tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together. The musculoskeletal system's primary functions include supporting the body, allowing motion, and protecting vital organs. [2] The skeletal ...
Musculoskeletal physiology is the branch of physiology which addresses the processes of musculoskeletal system. [ 1 ] In subclassifying musculoskeletal physiology, MeSH emphasizes the division between "phenomena" and "processes".
The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. [ 1 ] The muscular systems in vertebrates are controlled through the nervous system although some muscles (such as the cardiac muscle ) can be completely autonomous.
The musculoskeletal system is an organ system that gives animals the ability to move to more favorable conditions by using the muscles and skeletal system to engage in locomotion. Bones also serve a role as support and to protect internal organs and in many organisms to store fat and minerals and produce blood cells .
Ergonomic hazards are physical conditions that may pose a risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system due to poor ergonomics. These hazards include awkward or static postures, high forces, repetitive motion, or insufficient rest breaks activities. The risk of injury is often magnified when multiple factors are present.
In skeletal muscles, muscle spindles convey information about the degree of muscle length and stretch to the central nervous system to assist in maintaining posture and joint position. The sense of where our bodies are in space is called proprioception , the perception of body awareness, the "unconscious" awareness of where the various regions ...
Injuries and pain in the musculoskeletal system caused by acute traumatic events like a car accident or fall are not considered musculoskeletal disorders. [4] MSDs can affect many different parts of the body including upper and lower back, neck, shoulders and extremities (arms, legs, feet, and hands). [5]
[3] [4] In one study, roughly 25% of approximately 6300 adults received a musculoskeletal injury of some sort within 12 months—of which 83% were activity-related. [3] Musculoskeletal injury spans into a large variety of medical specialties including orthopedic surgery (with diseases such as arthritis requiring surgery), sports medicine, [5 ...