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The cost of a polynomial greatest common divisor between two polynomials of degree at most n can be taken as O(n 2) operations in F q using classical methods, or as O(nlog 2 (n) log(log(n)) ) operations in F q using fast methods. For polynomials h, g of degree at most n, the exponentiation h q mod g can be done with O(log(q)) polynomial ...
The polynomial factors into linear factors over a field of order q. More precisely, this polynomial is the product of all monic polynomials of degree one over a field of order q. This implies that, if q = p n then X q − X is the product of all monic irreducible polynomials over GF(p), whose degree divides n.
We can also assume without loss of generality that it is a reduced polynomial, because P(x) can be expressed as the product of two quadratic polynomials if and only if P(x − a 3 /4) can and this polynomial is a reduced one. Then R 3 (y) = y 3 + 2a 2 y 2 + (a 2 2 − 4a 0)y − a 1 2. There are two cases: If a 1 ≠ 0 then R 3 (0) = −a 1 2 < 0.
In mathematics, particularly computational algebra, Berlekamp's algorithm is a well-known method for factoring polynomials over finite fields (also known as Galois fields). The algorithm consists mainly of matrix reduction and polynomial GCD computations. It was invented by Elwyn Berlekamp in 1967.
The map x ↦ L(x) is a linear map over any field containing F q.; The set of roots of L is an F q-vector space and is closed under the q-Frobenius map.; Conversely, if U is any F q-linear subspace of some finite field containing F q, then the polynomial that vanishes exactly on U is a linearised polynomial.
The Gaussian binomial coefficient, written as () or [], is a polynomial in q with integer coefficients, whose value when q is set to a prime power counts the number of subspaces of dimension k in a vector space of dimension n over , a finite field with q elements; i.e. it is the number of points in the finite Grassmannian (,).
For univariate polynomials over the rationals (or more generally over a field of characteristic zero), Yun's algorithm exploits this to efficiently factorize the polynomial into square-free factors, that is, factors that are not a multiple of a square, performing a sequence of GCD computations starting with gcd(f(x), f '(x)). To factorize the ...
The splitting field of x q − x over F p is the unique finite field F q for q = p n. [2] Sometimes this field is denoted by GF( q ). The splitting field of x 2 + 1 over F 7 is F 49 ; the polynomial has no roots in F 7 , i.e., −1 is not a square there, because 7 is not congruent to 1 modulo 4.