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[48] [55] [56] A landmark 2020 Nature study that fully sequenced 863 chickens across the world suggests that all domestic chickens originate from a single domestication event of red junglefowl whose present-day distribution is predominantly in southwestern China, northern Thailand and Myanmar. These domesticated chickens spread across Southeast ...
Since then, the keeping of chickens has spread around the world for the production of food with the domestic fowl being a valuable source of both eggs and meat. [ 28 ] Since their domestication, a large number of breeds of chickens have been established, but with the exception of the white Leghorn , most commercial birds are of hybrid origin ...
The domestic chicken is descended primarily from the red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) and is scientifically classified as the same species. [6] The traditional poultry farming view, is stated in Encyclopædia Britannica (2007): "Humans first domesticated chickens of Indian origin for the purpose of cockfighting in Asia, Africa, and Europe.
Similarly, a 2020 study that analysed the whole genomes of Sri Lanka junglefowl, grey junglefowl, and green junglefowl found strong introgressive hybridisation events in different populations of indigenous village chickens. [2] The study also shows that 71–79% of red junglefowl DNA is shared with the domestic chicken. [2]
In the developed world, the majority of the poultry reared for meat is raised indoors in big sheds, with automated equipment under environmentally controlled conditions. Chickens raised in this way are known as broilers, and genetic improvements have meant that they can be grown to slaughter weight within six or seven weeks of hatching.
"The best in the world" White Plymouth Rocks, 1910. In the United States, chickens were raised primarily on family farms or in some cases, in poultry colonies, such as Judge Emery's Poultry Colony [1] until about 1960. Originally, the primary value in poultry keeping was eggs, and meat was considered a byproduct of egg production. [2]
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In Malaysia they are described as brave warriors and archangel chickens, because of their very human like appearance. They are the smallest breed of chicken in the world. Seramas are typically under 500 g (18 oz), but even smaller birds weighing under 250 g (8.8 oz) have been bred in its native Malaysia.