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Parmenides of Elea (/ p ɑːr ˈ m ɛ n ɪ d iː z ... ˈ ɛ l i ə /; Ancient Greek: Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης; fl. late sixth or early fifth century BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia (Southern Italy). Parmenides was born in the Greek colony of Elea, from a wealthy and illustrious family.
Parmenides (Greek: Παρμενίδης) is one of the dialogues of Plato.It is widely considered to be one of the most challenging and enigmatic of Plato's dialogues. [1] [2] [3] The Parmenides purports to be an account of a meeting between the two great philosophers of the Eleatic school, Parmenides and Zeno of Elea, and a young Socrates.
Of the members, Parmenides and Melissus built arguments starting from sound premises. [ citation needed ] Zeno, on the other hand, primarily employed the reductio ad absurdum , attempting to destroy the arguments of others by showing that their premises led to contradictions ( Zeno's paradoxes ).
Parmenides, Zeno, Statius: Site notes; Website: ... The city was known for being the home of the philosophers Parmenides and Zeno of Elea, ...
Parmenides is considered the founder of the school. Other eminent Eleatics include Zeno of Elea and Melissus of Samos. According to Aristotle and Diogenes Laertius, Xenophanes was Parmenides' teacher, and it is debated whether Xenophanes should also be considered an Eleatic. [40] Parmenides was born in Elea to a wealthy family around 515 BC. [85]
Zeno devised these paradoxes to support his teacher Parmenides's philosophy of monism, which posits that despite our sensory experiences, reality is singular and unchanging. The paradoxes famously challenge the notions of plurality (the existence of many things), motion, space, and time by suggesting they lead to logical contradictions .
Though commonly credited to Parmenides, some historians believe that the dictum instead historically traces back to the Milesian philosophers. [4] In any case, Parmenides believed that non-existence could neither give rise to existence (genesis), nor could something that exists cease to exist (perishing).
Zeno is one of three major philosophers in the Eleatic school, along with Parmenides and Melissus of Samos. [10] This school of philosophy was a form of monism, following Parmenides' belief that all of reality is one single indivisible object. [11] [2] Both Zeno and Melissus