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Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer , while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer . [ 1 ]
The causes are divided into benign or malignant. Benign Peptic ulcer disease; Infections, such as tuberculosis; and infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis.; A rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction is blockage with a gallstone, also termed "Bouveret syndrome" or "Bouveret's syndrome".
Bland diets are often recommended following stomach or intestinal surgery, or for people with conditions such as ulcers, acid reflux (GERD), gastritis, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastroenteritis and gas. [2] A bland diet allows the digestive tract to heal before introducing foods that are more difficult to digest.
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[4] [5] An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer. The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking at night with upper abdominal pain, and upper abdominal pain that improves with eating. [4] With a gastric ulcer, the pain may worsen with eating. [6]
The ulcer is known initially as a peptic ulcer before the ulcer burns through the full thickness of the stomach or duodenal wall. A diagnosis is made by taking an erect abdominal/chest X-ray (seeking air under the diaphragm). This is in fact one of the very few occasions in modern times where surgery is undertaken to treat an ulcer. [3]
Organic indigestion is the result of an underlying disease, such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (an ulcer of the stomach or duodenum), or cancer. [6] Functional indigestion (previously called non-ulcer dyspepsia) [7] is indigestion without evidence of underlying disease. [8]
Endoscopy image of a duodenal ulcer in the posterior part of the duodenal bulb without stigmata of recent hemorrhage. This would be a Forrest III lesion. Acute hemorrhage. Forrest I a (Spurting hemorrhage) Forrest I b (Oozing hemorrhage) Signs of recent hemorrhage. Forrest II a (Non bleeding Visible vessel)