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Subcortical dementias includes those diseases which predominantly affects the basal ganglia along with features of cognitive decline. Diseases such as progressive supranuclear palsy , Huntington's chorea and Parkinson's disease are different in many features from the other cortical dementias like Alzheimer's disease .
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 January 2025. Long-term brain disorders causing impaired memory, thinking and behavior This article is about the cognitive disorder. For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). "Senile" and "Demented" redirect here. For other uses, see Senile (disambiguation) and Demented (disambiguation). Medical ...
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [3]
It accounts for 50% of all dementias in Japan, 20% to 40% in Europe and 15% in Latin America. 25% of people with stroke develop new-onset dementia within one year of their stroke. One study found that in the United States, the prevalence of vascular dementia in all people over the age of 71 is 2.43%, and another found that the prevalence of the ...
Between 5% and 25% of diagnosed dementias in older adults are due to one of the Lewy body dementias. [14] [a] As of 2014, the Lewy body dementias affect about 1.3 million people in the US and 140,000 in the UK. [6] LBD usually develops after the age of 50. [8] Men are more likely to be diagnosed than women. [8]
People with Lewy body dementias who take neuroleptics are at risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a life-threatening illness. [51] There is no evidence to support the use of antipsychotics to treat the Lewy body dementias, [10] and they carry the additional risk of stroke when used in the elderly with dementia. [86]
Frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative tauopathy and Parkinson plus syndrome. [3] FTDP-17 is caused by mutations in the MAPT (microtubule associated protein tau) gene located on the q arm of chromosome 17, and has three cardinal features: behavioral and personality changes, cognitive impairment, and motor symptoms.
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), also known as subacute spongiform encephalopathy or neurocognitive disorder due to prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. [4] [1] Early symptoms include memory problems, behavioral changes, poor coordination, and visual disturbances. [4]