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Touchmaster Five with carriage return lever at left. Originally, the term "carriage return" referred to a mechanism or lever on a typewriter.For machines where the type element was fixed and the paper held in a moving carriage, this lever was on the left attached to the moving carriage, and operated after typing a line of text to cause the carriage to return to the far right so the type ...
Conversely, if a newline is considered a terminator, all text lines including the last are expected to be terminated by a newline. If the final character sequence in a text file is not a newline, the final line of the file may be considered to be an improper or incomplete text line, or the file may be considered to be improperly truncated.
U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) (used in some line-breaking conventions) U+0085 NEXT LINE (NEL) (sometimes used as a line break in text transcoded from EBCDIC ) Unicode only specifies semantics for U+0009—U+000D , U+001C—U+001F , and U+0085 (the ASCII format effectors except for BS , plus the ASCII information separators and the C1 NEL ).
The 1901 Murray code added the carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF), and other versions of the Baudot code included other control characters. The bell character (BEL), which rang a bell to alert operators, was also an early teletype control character. Some control characters have also been called "format effectors".
DOS and Microsoft Windows use a common text file format, with each line of text separated by a two-character combination: carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF). It is common for the last line of text not to be terminated with a CR-LF marker, and many text editors (including Notepad ) do not automatically insert one on the last line.
It can also be used to make underlined text by printing a line containing underscore characters in the print positions occupied by the text to be underscored. Mainframe printers originally had a carriage control tape , with 12 channels (1–9, A, B, C) that can be assigned a fixed position on the page by punching a hole, allowing the printer to ...
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One example of this continued division of use is the type tool in Adobe Photoshop, where the return key produces a new line while the enter key ends editing mode. Another is Mathematica, where the Return key creates a new line, while the Enter key (or Shift-Return) submits the current command for execution.