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Eye drops or eyedrops are liquid drops applied directly to the surface of the eye usually in small amounts such as a single drop or a few drops. Eye drops usually contain saline to match the salinity of the eye. Drops containing only saline and sometimes a lubricant are often used as artificial tears to treat dry eyes or simple eye irritation ...
Figure 1.0 - Basic anatomical features of the human eye. Ophthalmic drug administration is the administration of a drug to the eyes, most typically as an eye drop formulation. Topical formulations are used to combat a multitude of diseased states of the eye. These states may include bacterial infections, eye injury, glaucoma, and dry eye. [1]
A medical professional administering nose drops Instillation of eye drops. A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body. Most often topical medication means application to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes to treat ailments via a large range of classes including creams, foams, gels, lotions, and ointments. [1]
In its eye drop form it is used to treat open-angle and, occasionally, secondary glaucoma. [3] [14] The mechanism of action of timolol is probably the reduction of the formation of aqueous humor [3] in the ciliary body in the eye. It was the first beta blocker approved for topical use in treatment of glaucoma in the United States (1978). [15]
Tropicamide, sold under the brand name Mydriacyl among others, is a medication used to dilate the pupil and help with examination of the eye. [3] Specifically it is used to help examine the back of the eye. [4] It is applied as eye drops. [3] Effects occur within 40 minutes and last for up to a day. [3]
Polymyxin B/trimethoprim, sold under the brand name Polytrim is an antimicrobial solution for topical ophthalmic use in the treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis and blepharoconjunctivitis. [1] In 2022, it was the 252nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. [2] [3]