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[25] [26] Muhammad later wrote a letter to the Christian king an-Najjāshī who saved the Muslims: In the name of God, the Gracious One, the Merciful From Muhammad, Apostle of God to an-Najjāšī, premier of the Abyssinians: Peace unto whoever follows the guided path!
Muhammad [a] (c. 570 – 8 June 632 CE) [b] was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. [c] According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets.
Khwaja Shamsuddin Azeemi, wrote Muhammad-ur-Rasoolullah in 4 volumes. Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi wrote Muhammad Rasulullah. Naeem Siddiqui wrote Muhammad The Benefactor Of Humanity. Ahmed Deedat wrote Muhammad the Greatest and Muhammad the Natural Successor to Christ. Jamal Badawi wrote Muhammad A Blessing For Mankind, a Short Biography and Commentary.
From the 9th century onwards, highly negative biographies of Muhammad were written in Latin. [1] The first two were produced in Spain, the Storia de Mahometh in the 8th or 9th century and the Tultusceptru in the 9th or 10th century. In the latter, Muhammad is presented as a young Christian monk duped by a demon into spreading a false religion. [23]
Insights from this period into Islamic apologetics about biblical prophecies of Muhammad also come from Christian responses. According to a disputation report written by Patriarch Timothy I, the caliph Al-Mahdi first argued that the absence of biblical prophecies of Muhammad was caused by the Christian corruption of the Bible. When Timothy ...
It is the first date above which is of great importance as it provides the first explicit reference to Muhammad in a non-Muslim source. The account is usually identified with the battle of Dathin. [67] [68] According to Hoyland, "its precise dating inspires confidence that it ultimately derives from first-hand knowledge". [69]
The earliest documented Christian knowledge of Muhammad stems from Byzantine sources, written shortly after Muhammad's death in 632. In the Doctrina Jacobi nuper baptizati, a dialogue between a recent Christian convert and several Jews, one participant writes that his brother "wrote to [him] saying that a deceiving prophet has appeared amidst the Saracens". [17]
The Nestorian Christian, Yahya ibn Masawayh, wrote many works on fevers, hygiene, and dietetics. Masawaiyh, served six caliphs as a physician, wrote 44 original works and translated many Greek medical works into Arabic, and was made the first head of the House of Wisdom by the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun. His was the first treatise on ...