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The widespread use of toothpaste and mouthwashes with added fluoride in recent decades appears to have diminished the health benefits of water fluoridation, according to a new study.
A 2024 Cochrane review article found that adding fluoride to drinking water may lead to slightly less tooth decay among children, but concluded that the practice’s effects are less dramatic ...
Kennedy has voiced concerns over fluoridation of the public water supply, ... A randomized controlled trial tells us what the benefits and side effects of a drug are, but only the patient can tell ...
Those who emphasize the public good emphasize the medical consensus that appropriate levels of water fluoridation are safe and effective to prevent cavities and see it as a public health intervention, replicating the benefits of naturally fluoridated water, which can free people from the misery and expense of tooth decay and toothache, with the ...
All fluoridation methods, including water fluoridation, create low levels of fluoride ions in saliva and plaque fluid, thus exerting a topical or surface effect. A person living in an area with fluoridated water may experience rises of fluoride concentration in saliva to about 0.04 mg/L several times during a day. [3]
Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply in order to reduce tooth decay. [28] Its use in the U.S. began in the 1940s, following studies of children in a region where water is naturally fluoridated. In 1945, Grand Rapids, Michigan became the first city in the world to fluoridate its drinking water.
Water fluoridation is not mandatory, and while there is a recommended fluoride concentration in drinking water (0.7 milligrams per liter) from the CDC, that level is not an enforceable standard.
The benefits of water fluoridation have lessened recently, presumably because of the availability of fluoride in other forms, but are still measurable, particularly for low-income groups. [9] Systematic reviews in 2000 and 2007 showed significant reduction of cavities in children exposed to water fluoridation. [10]