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  2. Interval (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_(mathematics)

    An interval is said to be bounded, if it is both left- and right-bounded; and is said to be unbounded otherwise. Intervals that are bounded at only one end are said to be half-bounded. The empty set is bounded, and the set of all reals is the only interval that is unbounded at both ends. Bounded intervals are also commonly known as finite ...

  3. Interval class - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_class

    Interval class Play ⓘ.. In musical set theory, an interval class (often abbreviated: ic), also known as unordered pitch-class interval, interval distance, undirected interval, or "(even completely incorrectly) as 'interval mod 6'" (Rahn 1980, 29; Whittall 2008, 273–74), is the shortest distance in pitch class space between two unordered pitch classes.

  4. Grouped data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grouped_data

    One method is to use intervals as a basis. The smallest value in the above data is 8 and the largest is 34. The interval from 8 to 34 is broken up into smaller subintervals (called class intervals). For each class interval, the number of data items falling in this interval is counted. This number is called the frequency of that

  5. Interval arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_arithmetic

    The main objective of interval arithmetic is to provide a simple way of calculating upper and lower bounds of a function's range in one or more variables. These endpoints are not necessarily the true supremum or infimum of a range since the precise calculation of those values can be difficult or impossible; the bounds only need to contain the function's range as a subset.

  6. List of set classes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_set_classes

    The difference between the interval vector of a set and that of its complement is <X, X, X, X, X, X/2>, where (in base-ten) X = 12 – 2C, and C is the cardinality of the smaller set. In nearly all cases, complements of unsymmetrical sets are inversionally related—i.e. the complement of an "A" version of a set of cardinality C is (usually ...

  7. Numerical methods for ordinary differential equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_methods_for...

    Because of this, different methods need to be used to solve BVPs. For example, the shooting method (and its variants) or global methods like finite differences, [3] Galerkin methods, [4] or collocation methods are appropriate for that class of problems. The Picard–Lindelöf theorem states that there is a unique solution, provided f is ...

  8. Independent set (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_set_(graph_theory)

    An independent set in an interval graph is just a set of non-overlapping intervals. The problem of finding maximum independent sets in interval graphs has been studied, for example, in the context of job scheduling : given a set of jobs that has to be executed on a computer, find a maximum set of jobs that can be executed without interfering ...

  9. Root-finding algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root-finding_algorithm

    When the interval is small enough, then a root is considered found. These generally use the intermediate value theorem, which asserts that if a continuous function has values of opposite signs at the end points of an interval, then the function has at least one root in the interval. Therefore, they require starting with an interval such that ...