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Clusters of Robusta coffee flowers. Robusta is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae.Though widely known by the synonym Coffea robusta, the plant is currently scientifically identified as Coffea canephora, which has two main varieties, C. c. robusta and C. c. nganda. [2]
Kahawa Sūg, also known as Sulu coffee or Sulu robusta, is a single-origin coffee varietal grown by the Tausug people of the Sulu Archipelago, Philippines. It is a robusta cultivar, belonging to the species Coffea canephora. It originates from robusta plants introduced to Sulu in the 1860s.
Unroasted coffee beans of the Robusta variety (Coffea canephora) Vietnam is the world's largest Robusta producer, with Robusta accounting for 97% of Vietnam's coffee output. [12] While not separate varieties of bean, unusual and very expensive robustas are the Indonesian kopi luwak and the Philippine Kapéng Alamid and Kahawa Kubing. [13]
Of the two main species grown, arabica coffee (from C. arabica) is generally more highly regarded than robusta coffee (from C. canephora). Robusta coffee tends to be bitter and has less flavor but a better body than arabica. For these reasons, about three-quarters of coffee cultivated worldwide is C. arabica. [41]
Freshly harvested coffee cherries Coffea fruits, Bali. There are over 130 species of Coffea, which is grown from seed.The two most popular are Coffea arabica (commonly known simply as "Arabica"), which accounts for 60–80% of the world's coffee production, and Coffea canephora (known as "Robusta"), which accounts for about 20–40%.
Coffea robusta is grown at lower altitudes than Coffea arabica. The island of Sumatra is the largest producer, with the provinces of Lampung, South Sumatra and Bengkulu accounting for 50% of total national coffee production and up to 75% of Robusta production. [34] Smaller volumes are also grown in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and Flores.
Coffea arabica Coffea arabica flowers Coffea arabica fruit Conservation status Endangered (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Coffea Species: C. arabica Binomial name Coffea arabica L. Coffea arabica, also known as the Arabica coffee, is a species of flowering ...
Mature coffee contains free amino acids (4.0 mg amino acid/g robusta coffee and up to 4.5 mg amino acid/g arabica coffee). In Coffea arabica , alanine is the amino acid with the highest concentration, i.e. 1.2 mg/g, followed by asparagine of 0.66 mg/g, whereas in C. robusta , alanine is present at a concentration of 0.8 mg/g and asparagine at 0 ...