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The nitrogen cycle is of particular interest to ecologists because nitrogen availability can affect the rate of key ecosystem processes, including primary production and decomposition. Human activities such as fossil fuel combustion, use of artificial nitrogen fertilizers, and release of nitrogen in wastewater have dramatically altered the ...
Nitrogen is a critical chemical element in both proteins and nucleic acids, and thus every living organism must metabolize nitrogen to survive. Only bacteria and Archaea are able to convert nitrogen gas (N 2 ) to and from soluble ionic compounds that other organisms can metabolize.
Nitrogen cycle. Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via the intermediary nitrite. Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil. The process of complete nitrification may occur through separate organisms [1] or entirely within one organism, as in comammox bacteria. The transformation of ammonia to ...
Nitrogen-15 (15 N) tracing is a technique to study the nitrogen cycle using the heavier, stable nitrogen isotope 15 N.Despite the different weights, 15 N is involved in the same chemical reactions as the more abundant 14 N and is therefore used to trace and quantify conversions of one nitrogen compound to another.
Nitrogen plays a vital role in the nitrogen cycle, a complex biogeochemical process that involves the transformation of nitrogen between different chemical forms and its movement through various environmental compartments such as the atmosphere, soil, water, and living organisms. [1]
Nitrogen enters the ocean through precipitation, runoff, or as N 2 from the atmosphere. Nitrogen cannot be utilized by phytoplankton as N 2 so it must undergo nitrogen fixation which is performed predominantly by cyanobacteria. [82] Without supplies of fixed nitrogen entering the marine cycle, the fixed nitrogen would be used up in about 2000 ...
The lighter isotope of nitrogen, 14 N, is preferred during denitrification, leaving the heavier nitrogen isotope, 15 N, in the residual matter. This selectivity leads to the enrichment of 14 N in the biomass compared to 15 N. [ 27 ] Moreover, the relative abundance of 14 N can be analyzed to distinguish denitrification apart from other ...
Reactive nitrogen ("Nr"), also known as fixed nitrogen [1], refers to all forms of nitrogen present in the environment except for molecular nitrogen (N 2 ). [ 2 ] While nitrogen is an essential element for life on Earth, molecular nitrogen is comparatively unreactive, and must be converted to other chemical forms via nitrogen fixation before it ...