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An invocation of gethash actually returns two values: the value or substitute value for the key and a boolean indicator, returning T if the hash table contains the key and NIL to signal its absence. ( multiple-value-bind ( value contains-key ) ( gethash "Sally Smart" phone-book ) ( if contains-key ( format T "~&The associated value is: ~s ...
For example, to perform an element by element sum of two arrays, a and b to produce a third c, it is only necessary to write c = a + b In addition to support for vectorized arithmetic and relational operations, these languages also vectorize common mathematical functions such as sine. For example, if x is an array, then y = sin (x)
Comparison of Java and .NET platforms ... 0.8 Java: 2.5: 1.5 Perl: 6: 6 Smalltalk: 6: ... This table provides two measures of expressiveness from two different ...
Typically, two representations are present, one for integers fitting the native word size minus any tag bit (SmallInteger) and one supporting arbitrary sized integers (LargeInteger). Arithmetic operations support polymorphic arguments and return the result in the most appropriate compact representation.
This comparison of programming languages compares how object-oriented programming languages such as C++, Java, Smalltalk, Object Pascal, Perl, Python, and others manipulate data structures. Object construction and destruction
A language that supports the statement construct typically has rules for one or more of the following aspects: Statement terminator – marks the end of a statement; Statement separator – demarcates the boundary between two statements; need needed for the last statement; Line continuation – escapes a newline to continue a statement on the ...
In computer science, an associative array, map, symbol table, or dictionary is an abstract data type that stores a collection of (key, value) pairs, such that each possible key appears at most once in the collection. In mathematical terms, an associative array is a function with finite domain. [1] It supports 'lookup', 'remove', and 'insert ...
In array languages, operations are generalized to apply to both scalars and arrays. Thus, a+b expresses the sum of two scalars if a and b are scalars, or the sum of two arrays if they are arrays. An array language simplifies programming but possibly at a cost known as the abstraction penalty.