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The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are alkanes containing one or more halogen substituents. [1] They are a subset of the general class of halocarbons , although the distinction is not often made.
A hydrohalogenation reaction is the electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides like hydrogen chloride or hydrogen bromide to alkenes to yield the corresponding haloalkanes. [1] [2] [3]
Substitution reactions in organic chemistry are classified either as electrophilic or nucleophilic depending upon the reagent involved, whether a reactive intermediate involved in the reaction is a carbocation, a carbanion or a free radical, and whether the substrate is aliphatic or aromatic. Detailed understanding of a reaction type helps to ...
In organic chemistry, free-radical halogenation is a type of halogenation. This chemical reaction is typical of alkanes and alkyl-substituted aromatics under application of UV light. The reaction is used for the industrial synthesis of chloroform (CHCl 3), dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2), and hexachlorobutadiene. It proceeds by a free-radical chain ...
A halogen addition reaction is a simple organic reaction where a halogen molecule is added to the carbon–carbon double bond of an alkene functional group. [1]The general chemical formula of the halogen addition reaction is:
In organic chemistry, an electrophilic aromatic halogenation is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution.This organic reaction is typical of aromatic compounds and a very useful method for adding substituents to an aromatic system.
Dehydrohalogenation is not limited to organic chemistry. Some metal-organic coordination compounds can eliminate hydrogen halides, [6] either spontaneously, [7] thermally, or by mechanochemical reaction with a solid base such as potassium hydroxide. [8]
Short-chain alkyl halides are often carcinogenic.. The bromine atom is at the secondary position, which allows the molecule to undergo dehydrohalogenation easily to give propene, which escapes as a gas and can rupture closed reaction vessels.