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The geology of South Africa is highly varied including cratons, greenstone belts, large impact craters as well as orogenic belts. The geology of the country is the base for a large mining sector that extracts gold , diamonds, iron and coal from world-class deposits.
These bioregions were used for conservation research and planning. They were defined in the South African National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment of 2004. The South African National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment of 2011 amended this to reduce the number of regions to four inshore and two offshore and rename them as ecoregions.
Incorporated into the volumes up to and including volume 73 (1970) were the Proceedings of the Geological Society of South Africa. [1] The journal publishes scientific papers, notes, stratigraphic descriptions, and discussions in the broadly defined fields of geoscience that are related directly or indirectly to the geology of Africa.
The Geological Society of South Africa (GSSA) is a learned society for geological science that was founded in 1895, making it one of the oldest such societies in Africa.The GSSA publishes the peer-reviewed scientific journal, the South African Journal of Geology, and annually awards the Draper Memorial Medal (in honour of David Draper) to recognise achievement in geology, and the Des Pretorius ...
English: This is a simplified geologic map of the Barberton Greenstone belt, South Africa, showing three of the major Groups and their interactions as well as the Kaap Valley Craton. Date 10 October 2013, 15:38:59
Economic geology is concerned with earth materials that can be used for economic and industrial purposes. These materials include precious and base metals, nonmetallic minerals and construction-grade stone. Economic geology is a subdiscipline of the geosciences; according to Lindgren (1933) it is “the application of geology”.
The Ellisras Basin is a geological basin that spans the border between South Africa and Botswana, extending west from the town of Lephalale (formerly Ellisras) in Limpopo province. Basin fill consists of sedimentary rocks of the Karoo Supergroup , with maximum thickness of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).
[5] [11] This layer of tillite, traces of which can be found over a wide area of Southern Africa, India, and South America provided crucial early evidence in support of the Theory of Continental Drift. In South Africa the layer is known as the Dwyka Group. It is the earliest and lowermost of the Karoo Supergroup of sedimentary deposits. [3] [4]