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These are deep water fish that resemble but are not related to barracuda. They are long and slender with pointed snouts. They are hunters with large eyes and sharp teeth. Unlike barracuda, these fish have no swim bladder.
A pregnant Southern platyfish. Pregnancy has been traditionally defined as the period of time eggs are incubated in the body after the egg-sperm union. [1] Although the term often refers to placental mammals, it has also been used in the titles of many international, peer-reviewed, scientific articles on fish.
The mature cobia has a forked, slightly lunated tail, which is usually dark brown. The fish lacks a swim bladder. The juvenile cobia is patterned with conspicuous bands of black and white and has a rounded tail. The largest cobia taken on rod and reel came from Shark Bay, Australia, and weighed 60 kg (135 lb).
Swim bladder disease, also called swim bladder disorder or flipover, is a common ailment in aquarium fish. The swim bladder is an internal gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy , and thus to stay at the current water depth without having to waste energy in swimming. [ 1 ]
They have no swim bladder. [3] Some species bear photophores. [6] Their early life development is from large eggs directly into yolk sac juveniles that travel in deep waters. [7] The largest species is the Yokozuna slickhead, Narcetes shonanmaruae, which is also the largest completely bathyal teleost fish. [8] [9]
Nototheniidae species have no swim bladder, however, they have other depth-related adaptations, such as increased fatty tissues and reduced mineralization of the bones, resulting in a body density approaching neutral, to fill a variety of niches. [8] The spleen may be used to remove ice crystals from circulating blood.
The gill membranes are joined to the isthmus and the gill openings are set widely apart. There is no swim bladder. The counts of vertebrae are 72–89 in Anarhichas and 221–251 in Anarrhichthys. [7] The longest published total length is for Anarrhichthys ocellatus and is 240 cm (94 in). [2]
These include the presence of three flat pectoral fin radials, nostrils located laterally on each side of the head, the lack of a swim bladder, and the presence of multiple lateral lines. [ 3 ] Because notothenioids lack a swim bladder, the majority of species are benthic or demersal in nature. [ 3 ]