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  2. MD5 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5

    The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function MD4, [3] and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. MD5 can be used as a checksum to verify data integrity against unintentional corruption.

  3. Crack (password software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crack_(password_software)

    The first public release of Crack was version 2.7a, which was posted to the Usenet newsgroups alt.sources and alt.security on 15 July 1991. Crack v3.2a+fcrypt, posted to comp.sources.misc on 23 August 1991, introduced an optimised version of the Unix crypt() function but was still only really a faster version of what was already available in other packages.

  4. John the Ripper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Ripper

    One of the modes John can use is the dictionary attack. [6] It takes text string samples (usually from a file, called a wordlist, containing words found in a dictionary or real passwords cracked before), encrypting it in the same format as the password being examined (including both the encryption algorithm and key), and comparing the output to the encrypted string.

  5. Digest access authentication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digest_access_authentication

    The MD5 hash of the combined method and digest URI is calculated, e.g. of "GET" and "/dir/index.html". The result is referred to as HA2. The MD5 hash of the combined HA1 result, server nonce (nonce), request counter (nc), client nonce (cnonce), quality of protection code (qop) and HA2 result is calculated.

  6. Comparison of cryptographic hash functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of...

    MD5: 128 128 512 64 32 64 PANAMA: 256 8736 256 – 32 – RadioGatún: Unlimited [note 6] 58 words 19 words [note 7] – 1–64 [note 8] 18 [note 9] RIPEMD:

  7. MD4 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD4

    The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm is a cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1990. [3] The digest length is 128 bits. The algorithm has influenced later designs, such as the MD5, SHA-1 and RIPEMD algorithms.

  8. MD6 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD6

    MD6; General; Designers: Ronald Rivest, Benjamin Agre, Dan Bailey, Sarah Cheng, Christopher Crutchfield, Yevgeniy Dodis, Kermin Fleming, Asif Khan, Jayant ...

  9. Key generator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_generator

    A key generator [1] [2] [3] is a protocol or algorithm that is used in many cryptographic protocols to generate a sequence with many pseudo-random characteristics. This sequence is used as an encryption key at one end of communication, and as a decryption key at the other.