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The two subjunctives have their origins in Latin; from the past perfect indicative came the -ra form, and from the past perfect subjunctive came the -se form. [62] Both subjunctives are found in Spain, but the -se one is almost extinct or much rarer in Latin America, where it is seen as a characteristic of the Spanish of Spain; Latin American ...
The subjunctive (also known as conjunctive in some languages) is a grammatical mood, a feature of an utterance that indicates the speaker's attitude toward it.Subjunctive forms of verbs are typically used to express various states of unreality such as wish, emotion, possibility, judgment, opinion, obligation, or action that has not yet occurred; the precise situations in which they are used ...
In other sentences, the pluperfect subjunctive is a transformation of a future perfect indicative, put into historic sequence. The original words of the following sentence would presumably have been tū, sī aliter fēcerīs , iniūriam Caesarī faciēs 'if you do (will have done) otherwise, you will be doing Caesar a disservice':
The perfect subjunctive can also be used in a wish for the future, but this use is described as 'archaic'. [15] quod dī ōmen averterint! (Cicero) [20] 'but may the gods avert this omen!' The imperfect and pluperfect subjunctive are used in wishes to represent an imagined or wished for situation or event which is no longer capable of ...
1 In modern usage, the imperfect indicative usually replaces the imperfect subjunctive in this type of sentence. The subjunctive mood figures prominently in the grammar of the Romance languages, which require this mood for certain types of dependent clauses. This point commonly causes difficulty for English speakers learning these languages.
Spanish morphologically distinguishes the indicative, imperative, subjunctive, and conditional moods. In the indicative mood, there are synthetic (one-word, conjugated for person/number) forms for the present tense, the past tense in the imperfective aspect, the past tense in the perfective aspect, and the future tense.
Spanish generally uses adjectives in a similar way to English and most other Indo-European languages. However, there are three key differences between English and Spanish adjectives. In Spanish, adjectives usually go after the noun they modify. The exception is when the writer/speaker is being slightly emphatic, or even poetic, about a ...
(In other situations, the verb form for subjunctive and indicative may be identical: "I'll make sure [that] you leave immediately.) The subjunctive mood figures prominently in the grammar of the Romance languages, which require this mood for certain types of dependent clauses. This point commonly causes difficulty for English speakers learning ...