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The Hawking singularity theorem is based on the Penrose theorem and it is interpreted as a gravitational singularity in the Big Bang situation. Penrose shared half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2020 "for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity". [1]
Conformal cyclic cosmology (CCC) is a cosmological model in the framework of general relativity and proposed by theoretical physicist Roger Penrose. [1] [2] [3] In CCC, the universe iterates through infinite cycles, with the future timelike infinity (i.e. the latest end of any possible timescale evaluated for any point in space) of each previous iteration being identified with the Big Bang ...
Penrose diagram; Penrose graphical notation; Penrose interpretation; Penrose process; Penrose stairs; Penrose tiling; Penrose transform; Penrose triangle; Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems; Penrose–Lucas argument
Roger Penrose first formulated the cosmic censorship hypothesis in 1969. The hypothesis was first formulated by Roger Penrose in 1969, [ 2 ] and it is not stated in a completely formal way. In a sense it is more of a research program proposal: part of the research is to find a proper formal statement that is physically reasonable, falsifiable ...
In general relativity, the Raychaudhuri equation, or Landau–Raychaudhuri equation, [1] is a fundamental result describing the motion of nearby bits of matter.. The equation is important as a fundamental lemma for the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems and for the study of exact solutions in general relativity, but has independent interest, since it offers a simple and general validation ...
Hawking star, a theoretical type of star with a black hole core, named in honour of Hawking, for his conceptualization of the primordial black hole type, which forms the core of this star type. [5] [6] [7] Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems for predicting when singularities occur, named after Roger Penrose and Stephen Hawking. [8]
According to the mathematical physicist John Baez from the University of California, Riverside, The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time was "the first book to provide a detailed description of the revolutionary topological methods introduced by Penrose and Hawking in the early seventies." [4]
Peixoto's theorem (dynamical systems) Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems ; Pentagonal number theorem (number theory) Perfect graph theorem (graph theory) Perlis theorem (graph theory) Perpendicular axis theorem ; Perron–Frobenius theorem (matrix theory) Peter–Weyl theorem (representation theory)