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Most terrestrial ungulates use the hoofed tips of their toes to support their body weight while standing or moving. Two other orders of ungulates, Notoungulata and Litopterna, both native to South America, became extinct at the end of the Pleistocene, around 12,000 years ago. The term means, roughly, "being hoofed" or "hoofed animal".
Ungulates (meaning roughly "hoofed" or "hoofed animal") are several groups of mammals most of which use the tips of their toes, usually hoofed, to sustain their whole bodyweight whilst moving. The main article for this category is ungulate .
Perissodactyla is an order of placental mammals composed of odd-toed ungulates – hooved animals which bear weight on one or three of their five toes with the other toes either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing backwards. Members of this order are called perissodactyls, and include rhinoceroses, tapirs, and horses.
The white rhinoceros is the largest living perissodactyl. Perissodactyla (/ p ə ˌ r ɪ s oʊ ˈ d æ k t ɪ l ə /, from Ancient Greek περισσός, perissós 'odd' and δάκτυλος, dáktylos 'finger, toe' [3]), or odd-toed ungulates, is an order of ungulates.
Tragulus is a genus of even-toed ungulates in the family Tragulidae that are known as mouse-deer. [1] In Ancient Greek τράγος (tragos) means a male goat, [2] while the Latin diminutive –ulus means 'tiny'.
Ferungulata ("wild beasts and ungulates") is a grandorder of placental mammals that groups together mirorder Ferae and clade Pan-Euungulata.It has existed in two guises, a traditional one based on morphological analysis and a revised one taking into account more recent molecular analyses.
Some researchers use "even-toed ungulates" to exclude cetaceans and only include terrestrial artiodactyls, making the term paraphyletic in nature. The roughly 270 land-based even-toed ungulate species include pigs , peccaries , hippopotamuses , antelopes , deer , giraffes , camels , llamas , alpacas , sheep , goats and cattle .
Paenungulata (from Latin paene "almost" + ungulātus "having hoofs") is a clade of "sub-ungulates", which groups three extant mammal orders: Proboscidea (including elephants), Sirenia (sea cows, including dugongs and manatees), and Hyracoidea . At least two more possible orders are known only as fossils, namely Embrithopoda and Desmostylia. [a]