Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Plasmid vectors minimalistically consist of an origin of replication that allows for semi-independent replication of the plasmid in the host. Plasmids are found widely in many bacteria, for example in Escherichia coli, but may also be found in a few eukaryotes, for example in yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [8]
Examples of mammalian expression vectors include the adenoviral vectors, [38] the pSV and the pCMV series of plasmid vectors, vaccinia and retroviral vectors, [39] as well as baculovirus. [30] The promoters for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and SV40 are commonly used in mammalian expression vectors to drive gene expression. Non-viral promoter, such as ...
Other cloning vectors include the pUC series of plasmids, and a large number of different cloning plasmid vectors are available. Many plasmids have high copy numbers, for example, pUC19 has a copy number of 500-700 copies per cell, [6] and high copy number is useful as it produces greater yield of recombinant plasmid for subsequent manipulation ...
Bacteriophage vectors are also commonly used in molecular biology. [69] For instance, bacteriophage vectors are used in phage-assisted continuous evolution, promoting rapid mutagenesis of bacteria. [70] Although limited to mycobacteriophages and some phages of gram-negative bacteria, bacteriophages can be used for direct cloning. [71]
Vector (molecular biology), a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to artificially carry foreign genetic material into another cell Cloning vector, a small piece of DNA into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted for cloning purposes; Shuttle vector, a plasmid constructed so that it can propagate in two different host species
How vectors work to transfer genetic material. Gene therapy utilizes the delivery of DNA into cells, which can be accomplished by several methods, summarized below. The two major classes of methods are those that use recombinant viruses (sometimes called biological nanoparticles or viral vectors) and those that use naked DNA or DNA complexes (non-viral methods).
Vectors utilized as the method for gene delivery can be divided into two categories, recombinant viruses and synthetic vectors (viral and non-viral). [2] [5] In complex multicellular eukaryotes (more specifically Weissmanists), if the transgene is incorporated into the host's germline cells, the resulting host cell can pass the transgene to its ...
Intracellular delivery is a fundamental technique in the study of biology and genetics, such as the use of DNA plasmid transfection to investigate protein function in living cells. [10] A wide range of approaches exist for performing intracellular delivery including biological, chemical and physical techniques that work through either membrane ...