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Hepatitis B virus is classified in the genus Orthohepadnavirus, which contains 11 other species. [3] The genus is classified as part of the Hepadnaviridae family, which contains four other genera, Avihepadnavirus, Herpetohepadnavirus, Metahepadnavirus and Parahepadnavirus. [3] This family of viruses is the only member of the viral order ...
820,000 resulting from hepatitis B (2019) [ 1 ] Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; [ 1 ][ 6 ] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [ 7 ] It can cause both acute and chronic infection. [ 1 ] Many people have no symptoms during an initial infection. For others, symptoms may appear 30 to ...
Hepadnaviridae[a] is a family of viruses. [2] Humans, apes, and birds serve as natural hosts. There are currently 18 species in this family, divided among 5 genera. [3] Its best-known member is hepatitis B virus. Diseases associated with this family include: liver infections, such as hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas (chronic infections ...
The genome organisation of HBV; the genes overlap. ORF S, in green, encodes HBsAg. HBsAg under a transmission electron microscope: the protein self assembles into virus-like particles. HBsAg (also known as the Australia antigen) is the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its presence in blood indicates existing hepatitis B infection.
HBeAg is a hepatitis B viral protein, produced by the HBcAg reading frame. It is an indicator of active viral replication; this means the person infected with Hepatitis B can likely transmit the virus on to another person (i.e. the person is infectious). HBeAg is considered a marker for cccDNA replication. [1]
HBx is a hepatitis B viral protein. [1][2] It is 154 amino acids long and interferes with transcription, signal transduction, cell cycle progress, protein degradation, apoptosis and chromosomal stability in the host. It forms a heterodimeric complex with its cellular target protein (HBX interacting protein: HBXIP), and this interaction ...
Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis B. [ 13 ] The first dose is recommended within 24 hours of birth with either two or three more doses given after that. [ 13 ] This includes those with poor immune function such as from HIV/AIDS and those born premature. [ 13 ] It is also recommended that health-care workers be vaccinated ...
The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase is a multifunctional enzyme, with both RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent polymerase functions, as well as an RNase H function. It acts on the HBV pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA) to reverse transcribe it to form a new rcDNA molecule within a new capsid. (The pgRNA has another function of being translated into the ...