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Pidgin English is a non-specific name used to refer to any of the many pidgin languages derived from English. Pidgins that are spoken as first languages become creoles . English-based pidgins that became stable contact languages, and which have some documentation, include the following:
Pidgin. A pidgin[1][2][3] / ˈpɪdʒɪn /, or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups of people that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn from several languages. It is most commonly employed in situations such as ...
Turks and Caicos Creole English. Gullah language (Sea Islands Creole English) Afro-Seminole Creole. Southern. Virgin Islands Creole (Netherlands Antilles Creole English) Crucian: Spoken on Saint Croix. Saint Martin Creole English: Spoken in Saba, Sint Eustatius, Saint Martin. Leeward Caribbean Creole English.
Hawaiian Pidgin. Hawaiian Pidgin (alternately, Hawaiʻi Creole English or HCE, known locally as Pidgin) is an English -based creole language spoken in Hawaiʻi. An estimated 600,000 residents of Hawaiʻi speak Hawaiian Pidgin natively and 400,000 speak it as a second language. [2][3][4][5] Although English and Hawaiian are the two official ...
amer1255. Native American Pidgin English, sometimes known as American Indian Pidgin English (AIPE) was an English-based pidgin spoken by Europeans and Native Americans in western North America. The main geographic regions in which AIPE was spoken was British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington. AIPE is mentioned in World Englishes as one of many ...
Chinook Jargon (Chinuk Wawa or Chinook Wawa, also known simply as Chinook or Jargon) is a language originating as a pidgin trade language in the Pacific Northwest.It spread during the 19th century from the lower Columbia River, first to other areas in modern Oregon and Washington, then to British Columbia and parts of Alaska, Northern California, Idaho and Montana.
African-based pidgins and creoles (2 C, 5 P) Creoles of the Americas (4 C, 18 P) Arabic-based pidgins and creoles (9 P) Assamese-based pidgins and creoles (2 P) Pidgins and creoles of Australia (1 C, 5 P)
It is disputed to what extent the various English-based creoles of the world share a common origin. The monogenesis hypothesis [2] [3] posits that a single language, commonly called proto–Pidgin English, spoken along the West African coast in the early sixteenth century, was ancestral to most or all of the Atlantic creoles (the English creoles of both West Africa and the Americas).