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Yogurt (UK: / ˈjɒɡət /; US: / ˈjoʊɡərt /, [1] from Ottoman Turkish: یوغورت, romanized: yoğurt; [a] also spelled yoghurt, yogourt or yoghourt) is a food produced by bacterial fermentation of milk. [2] Fermentation of sugars in the milk by these bacteria produces lactic acid, which acts on milk protein to give yogurt its texture ...
Kefir (/ kəˈfɪər / kə-FEER; [1][2] also spelled as kephir or kefier; Russian: кефир; Karachay-Balkar: гыпы) is a fermented milk drink similar to a thin yogurt or ayran that is made from kefir grains, a specific type of mesophilic symbiotic culture. It is prepared by inoculating the milk of cows, goats, or sheep with kefir grains.
Many foods were originally domesticated in West Africa, including grains like African rice, Pearl Millet, Sorghum, and Fonio; tree crops like Kola nut, used in Coca-Cola, and Oil Palm; and other globally important plant foods such as Watermelon, Tamarind, Okra, Black-eye peas, and Yams. [2] Additionally, the regionally important poultry animal ...
Lactobacillus acidophilus (Neo-Latin 'acid-loving milk-bacillus') is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, homofermentative, anaerobic microbe first isolated from infant feces in the year 1900. [1] The species is commonly found in humans, specifically the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity as well as some speciality fermented foods such as fermented ...
The Yoplait brand first entered the United States in 1974 when it was licensed by the Michigan Cottage Cheese Company. In 1977, General Mills acquired the U.S. marketing rights to Yoplait from that company, along with a yogurt plant in Reed City, Michigan. General Mills has been the exclusive franchisee of the Yoplait brand in the United States ...
Rennet (/ ˈrɛnɪt /) is a complex set of enzymes produced in the stomachs of ruminant mammals. Chymosin, its key component, is a protease enzyme that curdles the casein in milk. In addition to chymosin, rennet contains other enzymes, such as pepsin and a lipase. Rennet has traditionally been used to separate milk into solid curds and liquid ...
Yeast. Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom. The first yeast originated hundreds of millions of years ago, and at least 1,500 species are currently recognized. [1][2][3] They are estimated to constitute 1% of all described fungal species.
Fermentation is a type of redox metabolism carried out in the absence of oxygen. [1][2] During fermentation, organic molecules (e.g., glucose) are catabolized and donate electrons to other organic molecules. In the process, ATP and organic end products (e.g., lactate) are formed.