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Scoria or cinder is a pyroclastic, highly vesicular, dark-colored volcanic rock formed by ejection from a volcano as a molten blob and cooled in the air to form discrete grains called clasts. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is typically dark in color (brown, black or purplish-red), and basaltic or andesitic in composition.
Scoria bricks [a] is a type of blue-grey brick made from slag, originally manufactured from the waste of the steelworks of Teesside, common across the North-East of England. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The bricks were also exported around the world and can be found in Canada, West Indies , Netherlands, Belgium, United States, India and South America.
Terraria (/ t ə ˈ r ɛər i ə / ⓘ tə-RAIR-ee-ə [1]) is a 2011 action-adventure sandbox game developed by Re-Logic. The game was first released for Windows and has since been ported to other PC and console platforms.
A cinder cone (or scoria cone [1]) is a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic clinkers, volcanic ash, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The pyroclastic fragments are formed by explosive eruptions or lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent.
Cryolite was first described in 1798 by Danish veterinarian and physician Peter Christian Abildgaard [] (1740–1801), [9] [10] from rock samples obtained from local Inuit who used the mineral for washing their hides; the actual source of the ore was later discovered in 1806 by the explorer Karl Ludwig Giesecke.
The scoria deposits also contain abundant mantle xenoliths of peridotite. [4] Mt Quincan, viewed from the southeast, showing the southern quarry with the main scoria cone behind it and the low-lying crater to the east. Quincan, a type of Scoria, is mined from the south west quadrant of the mountain. [5]
Laterite in Sơn Tây, Hanoi, Vietnam. Francis Buchanan-Hamilton first described and named a laterite formation in southern India in 1807. [4]: 65 He named it laterite from the Latin word later, which means a brick; this highly compacted and cemented soil can easily be cut into brick-shaped blocks for building.
The 5.5 km (3.4 mi) wide island is a symmetrical shield volcano cone capped by central scoria cones, reaching a height of 260 m (850 ft). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Rangitoto is the youngest and largest of the approximately 50 volcanoes of the Auckland volcanic field , having erupted in two phases about 1450 CE and 1500 CE [ 4 ] [ 5 ] and covering an area of ...