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In Sudan, a country of East Africa located south of the Tropic of Cancer and overlooking the Red Sea, the climate is desert in the north and on the coast, while it's semi-desert or semi-arid in the south, which is affected by the summer monsoon.
The climate of Sudan varies from north to south. The northern part of Sudan is a desert climate, receiving little rainfall, shifting to semi-arid and then tropical savannah towards the south. The climate in Sudan is determined by the combined effects of the Intertropical Convergence
The country’s water, agriculture, coastal zone, and health sectors are the most vulnerable sectors to climate change impacts. This page presents high-level information for Sudan's climate zones and its seasonal cycle for mean temperature and precipitation for the latest climatology, 1991-2020.
Sudan experiences mean annual temperatures between 26°C and 32°C, with summer temperatures in the north often exceeding 43°C. Rainfall in Sudan is unreliable and erratic, with great variation experienced between northern and southern regions.
The following climate factsheet summarizes available information on the climate of Sudan, climate change and impacts of these changes on humanitarian activities in country.
KHARTOUM, August 9, 2021— In the arid and semi-arid areas of the White Nile, Gezira, and Kassala states, and as many other areas with similar climatic conditions in Sudan, communities including farmers, pastoralists, and nomads have prolonged conflicts over limited natural resources including agriculture fields, rangelands, and water resources.
July in Sudan is marked by two contrasting climate patterns: the continuing hot season in the northern region and the peak of the rainy season in the central and southern regions. The countrywide average temperatures during this month typically range from 26°C (78.8°F) to 37°C (98.6°F).