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Vaccination schedules generally require a primary course of vaccines, followed by booster shots. It is recommended that horses be vaccinated against equine influenza annually, and competition horses that travel frequently be given a booster every six months as they are at higher risk of contracting the virus. [1]
If you're a horse owner, you've probably asked yourself, "Do horses get cold?" Follow these expert tips to make sure your horse stays warm, safe and comfortable all winter long.
The principle of antivenom is based on that of vaccines, developed by Edward Jenner; however, instead of inducing immunity in the person directly, it is induced in a host animal and the hyperimmunized serum is transfused into the person. [20] The host animals may include horses, donkeys, goats, sheep, rabbits, chickens, llamas, and camels. [21]
[3] [4] Vaccines are categorised into conventional and next generation vaccines. [5] [6] Animal vaccines have been found to be the most cost effective and sustainable methods of controlling infectious veterinary diseases. [6] In 2017, the veterinary vaccine industry was valued at US$7 billion and it is predicted to reach US$9 billion in 2024. [7]
The vaccines are recommended to be given annually, but horses in endemic regions can be given a second dose three to four weeks following the initial vaccine to help increase the effectiveness. Pregnant mares should also be given an additional vaccine four to six weeks prior to foaling.
The inactivated vaccine contain a low antigen load and are made to help protect against the respiratory symptoms, the performance of the inactivated vaccines is variable and does not work for all. [4] The modified live vaccine is made to vaccinate healthy horses 3 months or older, to help prevent the respiratory symptoms caused by EHV-1.
EIA-positive horses are infected for life. Options for the horse include sending the horse to a recognized research facility, branding the horse and quarantining it at least 200 yards from other horses for the rest of its life, and euthanizing the horse. Very few quarantine facilities exist, which usually leads to the option of euthanizing the ...
The vaccine is administered twice a year, in early spring and in early summer, with the first one inoculation given before the mayflies emerge and the second administered as a booster. [ 1 ] Some veterinarians have started making recommendations for farm management to try to prevent this disease:
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