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There have been 46 space missions to the planet Venus (including gravity-assist flybys). Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union, followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970.
Date of landing/impact Coordinates Notes Mars 2 lander: USSR: 27 November 1971: First man-made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing. Mars 3 lander: USSR: 2 December 1971: First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing. [4]
In 2007, the Venus Express mission confirmed the presence of lightning on Venus, finding that it is more common on Venus than it is on Earth. [52] [53] MESSENGER passed by Venus twice on its way to Mercury. The first time, it flew by on October 24, 2006, passing 3000 km from Venus. As Earth was on the other side of the Sun, no data was recorded ...
The Venusian diameter of about 7,500 miles (12,000 km) is just a tad smaller than Earth’s 7,900 miles (12,750 km). “Venus and Earth are often called sister planets because of their ...
Since then, increasingly distant planets have been reached, with probes landing on or impacting the surfaces of Venus in 1966 , Mars in 1971 (Mars 3, although a fully successful landing didn't occur until Viking 1 in 1976), the asteroid Eros in 2001 (NEAR Shoemaker), Saturn's moon Titan in 2004 , the comets Tempel 1 (Deep Impact) in 2005, and ...
Venus is similar in size and distance from the sun when compared with Earth, and some researchers believe the planet might have even had an Earth-like climate at some point.
3 September 1976 landed: 334 days (10 mo, 30 d) Viking 2 was the second craft to land on Mars. The Viking orbiter was active until 25 July 1978, the lander until 11 April 1980. [20] [21] Pioneer Venus Orbiter: Venus 20 May 1978 4 December 1978 entered orbit: 199 days (6 mo, 15 d) Pioneer Venus made radar and other observations of Venus.
Space probes have been establishing and mediating human presence interplanetarily since their first visits to Venus. Mars has seen a continuous presence since 1997, [55] after being first flown by in 1964 and landed on in 1971. A group of missions have been present on Mars since 2001, including continuous presence by a series of rovers since 2003.