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Viscoelastic materials have elements of both of these properties and, as such, exhibit time-dependent strain. Whereas elasticity is usually the result of bond stretching along crystallographic planes in an ordered solid, viscosity is the result of the diffusion of atoms or molecules inside an amorphous material.
The rheologic properties of an OVD directly affect its clinical characteristics. An OVD can be chosen that best matches the requirements for a specific procedure, or part of a procedure, and combinations may be useful. [2] Viscoelasticity is the property of materials that exhibit both viscous and elastic characteristics when undergoing deformation.
A Maxwell material is the most simple model viscoelastic material showing properties of a typical liquid. It shows viscous flow on the long timescale, but additional elastic resistance to fast deformations. [1] It is named for James Clerk Maxwell who proposed the model in 1867.
The generalized Maxwell model also known as the Maxwell–Wiechert model (after James Clerk Maxwell and E Wiechert [1] [2]) is the most general form of the linear model for viscoelasticity. In this model, several Maxwell elements are assembled in parallel. It takes into account that the relaxation does not occur at a single time, but in a set ...
Dynamic mechanical analysis (abbreviated DMA) is a technique used to study and characterize materials.It is most useful for studying the viscoelastic behavior of polymers.A sinusoidal stress is applied and the strain in the material is measured, allowing one to determine the complex modulus.
A Burgers material is a viscoelastic material having the properties both of elasticity and viscosity. It is named after the Dutch physicist Johannes Martinus Burgers.
Increasing the temperature induces molecular motion resulting in the typical rubber-elastic properties. A constant force applied to a polymer at temperatures above T g results in a viscoelastic deformation, i.e., the polymer begins to creep. Heat resistance is usually given for amorphous polymers just below the glass transition temperature. [22]
Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's rate-dependent resistance to a change in shape or to movement of its neighboring portions relative to one another. [1] For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of thickness; for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. [2]