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Psilocybe semilanceata, commonly known as the liberty cap, is a species of fungus which produces the psychoactive compounds psilocybin, psilocin and baeocystin. It is both one of the most widely distributed psilocybin mushrooms in nature, and one of the most potent .
Psilocybe semilanceata, a psilocybin mushroom species commonly sold in the United States. [4] Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug produced naturally by psilocybin mushrooms, commonly known as "magic mushrooms". [4]
Possession and use of psilocybin mushrooms, including the bluing species of Psilocybe, is therefore prohibited by extension. However, in many national, state, and provincial drug laws, there has been a great deal of ambiguity about the legal status of psilocybin mushrooms, as well as a strong element of selective enforcement in some places.
Psilocybe allenii. The first mention of hallucinogenic mushrooms in European medicinal literature was in the London Medical and Physical Journal in 1799: A man served Psilocybe semilanceata mushrooms he had picked for breakfast in London's Green Park to his family. The apothecary who treated them later described how the youngest child "was ...
A handful of freshly picked Psilocybe semilanceata, sometimes referred to as Liberty Caps. Psilocybe samuiensis Guzmán, Bandala & Allen; Psilocybe schultesii Guzmán & S.H. Pollock; Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr. : Secr.) P. Kumm. Psilocybe septentrionalis (Guzmán) Guzmán (= Psilocybe subaeriginascens Höhn. var. septentrionalis Guzmán)
In 2007, a paper by Redhead et al. proposed conserving the genus Psilocybe with Psilocybe semilanceata as its type species. [5] The suggestion was accepted by unanimous vote of the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi of the International Botanical Congress in 2010, meaning that P. semilanceata (a member of the bluing clade) now serves as the type species of the genus. [6]
Psilocybe species commonly found in the tropics include P. cubensis and P. subcubensis. P. semilanceata—considered by Guzmán to be the world's most widely distributed psilocybin mushroom [219] —is found in Europe, North America, Asia, South America, Australia and New Zealand, but is entirely absent from Mexico. [217]
Psilocybe subaeruginascens Höhn. 1914 Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr. 1818) P.Kumm. 1871 Psilocybe samuiensis Guzmán , Bandala & Allen Psilocybe schultesii Guzmán & S.H. Pollock