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The chief sacrament of the Valentinians seems to have been that of the bridal chamber (nymphon). [29] The Gospel of Philip, a probable Valentinian text, reads: There were three buildings specifically for sacrifice in Jerusalem. The one facing the west was called "The Holy". Another, facing south, was called "The Holy of the Holy".
Of the mid-2nd century thinkers and preachers who were declared heretical by Irenaeus and later mainstream Christians, only Marcion of Sinope is as outstanding as a personality. The contemporary orthodox counter to Valentinus was Justin Martyr, though it was Irenaeus of Lyons who presented the most vigorous challenge to the Valentinians.
These were the agentes in rebus, or agents of business, answerable to the magister officiorum (Master of the Officers), [e] who was the head of the palatine administration or Imperial Chancellor, and drew his staff from within their ranks. They could also hold appointments within the central clerical bureaux (sacra scrinia, lit. sacred book ...
Axionicus (Ancient Greek: Ἀξιόνικος) of Antioch was a Gnostic associated with Valentinianism.He was a contemporary of Heracleon and Ptolemy, and was mentioned as still living in Tertullian's work Adversus Valentinianos, so we know he lived around the late 2nd and early 3rd century CE.
Layton relates this to GTr 19.34 − when Jesus taught, "in their hearts appeared the living book of the living, which is written in the Father's thought and intellect". Both rely on a shared concept of pre-existent yet obscured knowledge, which emanated from the Father of the Gnostics. "Fragment F" also comes from the Stromateis, 4.89.1-3 ...
Novgorodians - the owners of the Novgorod Codex; it is likely that the owners of the codex were dualistic like the Bogomils Paulicianism (However the dualism of Paulicianism is not certain) [ 17 ] Neo-Adamites
Those who attain knowledge and good things were planned by the Father's wisdom. The text discusses election and the calling of those deemed worthy, with the cause of their existence being either the judgment of evil, the wrath of the exalted ones, the prayer of pre-existing beings, or the hope and faith of good works .
Valentinian was born in 321 at Cibalae (now Vinkovci, Croatia) in southern Pannonia [4] [5] into a family of Illyro-Roman origin. [6] Valentinian and his younger brother Valens were the sons of Gratianus (nicknamed Funarius), a military officer renowned for his wrestling skills.