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Rhythm strip of sinus bradycardia at 50 bpm. Sinus bradycardia is commonly seen in normal healthy persons and athletes in the absence of pathophysiological diseases or conditions. [1] Different factors or etiologies could lead to the dysfunction of the sinus node, causing a malformation or prolongation of the impulse. In terms of ...
Signs of bradycardia include fatigue, confusion, dizziness, and lightheadedness. [4] Possible causes of bradycardia include hypoxia, hypothermia, and certain medications. [2] AV block. Types of bradyarrhythmias sinus bradycardia: normal rhythm, slow rate; atrioventricular block. first degree: prolonged PR interval (> 0.20 seconds) second degree
Studies have found that 50–85% of conditioned athletes have benign sinus bradycardia, as compared to 23% of the general population studied. [13] The heart muscle of athletes has a higher stroke volume, requiring fewer contractions to circulate the same volume of blood. [14] Asymptomatic sinus bradycardia decreases in prevalence with age.
Often sinus node dysfunction produces no symptoms, especially early in the disease course. Signs and symptoms usually appear in more advanced disease and more than 50% of patients will present with syncope or transient near-fainting spells as well as bradycardias that are accompanied by rapid heart rhythms, referred to as tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome [4] [5] Other presenting signs or ...
Junctional rhythm is seen equally in men and women, and can be seen intermittently in young children and athletes, especially during sleep. It occurs commonly in patients with sinus node dysfunction. 1/600 cardiology patients over the age of 65 have sinus node dysfunction. [1]
In children, the most common cause of cardiac arrest is shock or respiratory failure that has not been treated. [30] Cardiac arrhythmias are another possible cause. Arrhythmias such as asystole or bradycardia are more likely in children, in contrast to ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia as seen in adults. [30]
Of all the age groups, children aged 0–4 years had the highest death rate and also non-fatal injury rate. In 2013, among children 1 to 4 years old who died from an unintentional injury, almost 30% died from drowning. [8] These children most commonly drowned in swimming pools, often at their own homes. [9] [10]
Those affected by short QT syndrome (SQT) have an increased risk of developing abnormal heart rhythms. [3] These abnormal heart rhythms often occur at a young age. They may take relatively benign forms such as atrial fibrillation, leading to symptoms of palpitations, breathlessness, or fatigue. [3]