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The original methods to perform placer mining involved gold panning, sluice boxes, and rockers. Each method involves washing sand, gravel and dirt in water. Gold then settles to the bottom of the pan, or into the bottom of the riffles of the sluice box. The gold dredge is the same concept but on a much larger scale.
In the 1840s in California and 1850s in Australia, methods for extracting alluvial gold were developed which involved washing soil and gravel through sluice boxes using diverted streams and other water sources. The waste or tailings were released into the waterways forming large deposits of highly mobile sediment.
When gravity could not be used for sluicing, a lift could be applied; it used pressurized water, introduced at the bottom, to suck up a mixture of water and gravel. [7] This could also be an alternative to shaft mining as seen on picture 2. Hydraulic methods were introduced during the California gold rush and would be used later at Nome.
Gold was first extracted on the Barrytown Flats by small-scale "black-sanding", passing the sand through a sluice box and allowing the gold to settle. Later, in the 1880s and 1900s, water was carried from Canoe Creek to the coast by wooden water races and a 3 1 ⁄ 2 mile pipe and used to sluice the lagoon for gold.
A long sluice box runs along the mine. [16] The sluice box was used extensively during the California gold rush for larger scale operations. When streams became increasingly depleted, the grizzly and undercurrent variants of the sluice box were developed. The grizzly is a set of parallel bars placed at a 45-degree angle over the main sluice box ...
Hydraulic mining is a form of mining that uses high-pressure jets of water to dislodge rock material or move sediment. [1] In the placer mining of gold or tin, the resulting water-sediment slurry is directed through sluice boxes to remove the gold. It is also used in mining kaolin and coal.