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Excavation or removal of any such items also must be done under procedures required by ARPA. Encourages the in situ preservation of archaeological sites, or at least the portions of them that contain burials or other kinds of cultural items. Affects previously acquired artifacts. Continues to be amended; National Register of Historic Places [26]
It took more than ten years to rediscover and restore the piece, [108] which had "come dangerously close to disaster." [ 47 ] François Hinard rediscovered the work after his appointment as a professor of Roman history in 1983 and raised public and official awareness, reactivating the Association of Friends of the Plan of Rome. [ 124 ]
Water causes damage and results from natural occurrences, technological hazards, or mechanical failures. Many cases of water damage can be traced to accidents or neglect. "A great many of the materials that museum objects are made of are highly susceptible to contact with water and can be severely damaged by even brief contact, while others may be exposed to water for longer periods without harm.
In recent years ethical concerns have been at the forefront of developments in conservation. Most significantly has been the idea of preventive conservation. This concept is based in part on the pioneering work by Garry Thomson CBE, and his book Museum Environment, first published in 1978. [16]
[4] See also adaptive reuse. Restoration "focuses on the retention of materials from the most significant time in a property's history, while permitting the removal of materials from other periods." [4] Reconstruction, "establishes limited opportunities to re-create a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure, or object in all new ...
Diagram describing major steps in post-excavation analysis [1] Post-excavation analysis constitutes processes that are used to study archaeological materials after an excavation is completed. Since the advent of "New Archaeology" in the 1960s, the use of scientific techniques in archaeology has grown in importance. [ 2 ]
Structural repair to wooden artifacts, as with the conservation of any artifact, should be as unobtrusive as possible. One method for mending separated pieces of wooden artifacts is the use of hot or liquid hide glue. [25] To reverse warping of wooden artifacts, conservators often treat artifacts using pressure.
Horse grave in a Roman moat in the heart of London, England. Rescue archaeology, sometimes called commercial archaeology, preventive archaeology, salvage archaeology, contract archaeology, developer-funded archaeology, [1] or compliance archaeology, is state-sanctioned, archaeological survey and excavation carried out as part of the planning process in advance of construction or other land ...