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Endothermic animals mostly use internal heat production through metabolic active organs and tissues (liver, kidney, heart, brain, muscle) or specialized heat producing tissues like brown adipose tissue (BAT). In general, endotherms therefore have higher metabolic rates than ectotherms at a given body mass.
A significant proportion of creatures commonly referred to as "warm-blooded," like birds and mammals, exhibit all three of these categories (i.e., they are endothermic, homeothermic, and tachymetabolic). However, over the past three decades, investigations in the field of animal thermophysiology have unveiled numerous species within these two ...
The ability to maintain homeostasis at varying temperatures is the most important characteristic in defining an endothermic eurytherm, whereas other, thermoconforming eurytherms like tardigrades are simply able to endure significant shifts in their internal body temperature that occur with ambient temperature changes. [21]
Like other mammals, monotremes are endothermic with a high metabolic rate (though not as high as other mammals; see below); have hair on their bodies; produce milk through mammary glands to feed their young; have a single bone in their lower jaw; and have three middle ear bones.
Endothermic organisms known as homeotherms maintain internal temperatures with minimal metabolic regulation within a range of ambient temperatures called the thermal neutral zone (TNZ). Within the TNZ the basal rate of heat production is equal to the rate of heat loss to the environment. Homeothermic organisms adjust to the temperatures within ...
Endothermic animals likely evolved from more primitive ectothermic synapsids sometime in the Permian or Triassic. [ 5 ] While fur, commonly accepted as a clear indication of endothermy, has not been found in non-mammalian therapsids, [ 6 ] some skeletal features preserved in therapsid remains may be an indication of the metabolic rates of these ...
Endothermic Parental Care Hypothesis: This hypothesis proposes that homeothermy developed as a way to provide consistent and warm internal environments for developing embryos or young offspring. Endothermy could have enabled parents to keep their eggs or young warm, leading to improved survival rates and successful reproduction.
Some species of ectotherms including lizards [4] and snakes, such as boa constrictors [5] and tiger snakes, [6] increase their effective mass by clustering tightly together. It is also widespread amongst gregarious endotherms such as bats [ 7 ] and birds (such as the mousebird [ 8 ] and emperor penguin [ 9 ] ) where it allows the sharing of ...