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Ventriculomegaly is a brain condition that mainly occurs in the fetus when the lateral ventricles become dilated. The most common definition uses a width of the atrium of the lateral ventricle of greater than 10 mm. [ 1 ] This occurs in around 1% of pregnancies. [ 2 ]
For the purposes of diagnosis aqueductal stenosis, a scan is performed on a patient's brain. Images showing an enlarged third ventricle along with a normally sized fourth ventricle (in a lateral view) is generally considered to be an indication of aqueductal stenosis, but this is still only presumption.
Intraventricular hemorrhage, or bleeding within the ventricles of the brain, leads to hydrocephalus in 51-89% of patients. [30] This is because the blood in the ventricles blocks the regular flow of CSF, leading to build-up of excess CSF [30] Spontaneous intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage with hydrocephalus shown on CT scan [31]
Grade III - ventricles are enlarged by the accumulated blood; Grade IV - bleeding extends into the brain tissue around the ventricles; Grades I and II are most common, and often there are no further complications. Grades III and IV are the most serious and may result in long-term brain injury to the infant.
Macrocephaly is a condition in which circumference of the human head is abnormally large. [1] It may be pathological or harmless, and can be a familial genetic characteristic. . People diagnosed with macrocephaly will receive further medical tests to determine whether the syndrome is accompanied by particular disorde
These brain abnormalities were first described by Benda in 1940 as 'vesiculocephaly'. In 1946, Yakovlev and Wadsworth coined the term colpocephaly from the Greek word kolpos (hollow) and kephalos (head). [14] [15] It was suggested that the enlargement of ventricles occurred as a result of white matter development arrest during early fetal life. [4]
The four cavities of the human brain are called ventricles. [6] The two largest are the lateral ventricles in the cerebrum, the third ventricle is in the diencephalon of the forebrain between the right and left thalamus, and the fourth ventricle is located at the back of the pons and upper half of the medulla oblongata of the
Example of enlarged lateral ventricles in schizophrenia. Ventricular-brain ratio (VBR), also known as the ventricle-to-brain ratio or ventricle-brain ratio, is the ratio of total ventricle area to total brain area, [1] which can be calculated with planimetry from brain imagining techniques such as CT scans. [2]