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A tailplane, also known as a horizontal stabilizer, is a small lifting surface located on the tail behind the main lifting surfaces of a fixed-wing aircraft as well as other non-fixed-wing aircraft such as helicopters and gyroplanes. Not all fixed-wing aircraft have tailplanes.
The elevators are usually hinged to the tailplane or horizontal stabilizer. They may be the only pitch control surface present, and are sometimes located at the front of the aircraft (early airplanes and canards ) or integrated into a rear "all-moving tailplane", also called a slab elevator or stabilator .
A small, tapered tailplane was mounted on the top of the fuselage well forward of the stern post, while the fin and rudder combination was roughly triangular in side elevation. This arrangement placed most of the effective rudder area below the tailplane, thus providing an adequate balance to the keel surface and assuring good recovery from spins.
The empennage of an Atlas Air Boeing 747-200. The empennage (/ ˌ ɑː m p ɪ ˈ n ɑː ʒ / or / ˈ ɛ m p ɪ n ɪ dʒ /), also known as the tail or tail assembly, is a structure at the rear of an aircraft that provides stability during flight, in a way similar to the feathers on an arrow.
Like the earlier 2-0-2, the 4-0-4 was a cantilever monoplane with a standard tail unit (cantilever tailplane and single vertical stabilizer). It had an airstair in the lower tail section for passenger boarding and disembarkation, retractable tricycle landing gear and was powered by two Pratt & Whitney R-2800-CB16 radial piston engines.
British Aerospace Jetstream 31 with cruciform tail Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck showing its cruciform design tail. The cruciform tail is an aircraft empennage configuration which, when viewed from the aircraft's front or rear, looks much like a cross.
The upward tilt of the wings and tailplane of an aircraft, as seen on this Boeing 737, is called dihedral angle. Schematic of dihedral and anhedral angle of an aircraft wing Measuring the dihedral angle. Dihedral angle is the upward angle from horizontal of the wings or tailplane of a fixed-wing aircraft.
The design is of three-surface configuration, having both a small forward wing and a conventional tailplane, as well as its main wing, with the main wing spars passing behind the passenger cabin area. The FAI lists it as the fastest propeller-driven aircraft with speed of 927.4 km/h (576.3 mph; 500.8 kn). [3]