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Mari (Cuneiform: ๐ ๐ท๐ , ma-ri ki, modern Tell Hariri; Arabic: ุชู ุญุฑูุฑู) was an ancient Semitic city-state in modern-day Syria.Its remains form a tell 11 kilometers north-west of Abu Kamal on the Euphrates River western bank, some 120 kilometers southeast of Deir ez-Zor.
The kingdom of Hana was located on territories formerly ruled by the sovereigns of Mari. The rulers of Mari held the title "King of Mari, Tuttul and the land of Hana". [4] [1] Since Mari was abandoned after its destruction by Hammurabi in c. 1759 BC (middle chronology) and Tuttul certainly was not part of the territories of the new state, the location of Khana is identified with the ...
The Sumerian King List (SKL) records a dynasty of six kings from Mari enjoying hegemony between the dynasty of Adab and the dynasty of Kish. [1] The names of the Mariote kings were damaged on the early copies of the list, [2] and those kings were correlated with historical kings that belonged to the second kingdom. [3]
It is thought that terms like mar.tu were used to represent what we now call the Amorites: . In two Sumerian literary compositions written long afterward in the Old Babylonian period, Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta and Lugalbanda and the Anzu Bird, the Early Dynastic ruler of Uruk Enmerkar (listed in the Sumerian King List) mentions "the land of the mar.tu".
A main target for expansion was the city of Mari, which controlled the caravan route between Anatolia and Mesopotamia. King Yahdun-Lim of Mari (fl. c. 1800 BC – c. 1700 BC) was assassinated by his own servants (possibly on Shamshi-Adad I's orders.) The heir to the throne of Mari, Zimri-Lim, was forced to flee to Yamhad. Shamshi-Adad I seized ...
Situated centrally amidst Syria, Babylon, Levant, and other Mesopotamian city-states, Mari acted as the “middle-man” to these larger, powerful kingdoms. [2] Both the size and grand nature of the palace demonstrate the importance of Mari during its long history, though the most intriguing feature of the palace is the nearly 25,000 tablets ...
In a long Old Babylonian itinerary from Emar and back (portions on the tablet are lost), Ekallฤtum is the first stop on the northward route after Assur and the last stop before Assur on the return route. [17] [18] A tablet fragment was found at Tel Hazor which listed an expected trade path from Hazor to Mari and then on to Ekallatum. [19]
Ishqi-Mari or Ishgi-Mari (๐ ๐๐ ๐ท iš 11-gi 4-ma-rí), [5] previously read Lamgi-Mari, [6] [1] was a King of the second Mariote kingdom who reigned c. 2350-2330 BCE. He is one of three Mari kings known from archaeology, Ikun-Shamash probably being the oldest one. [7] The third king is Iku-Shamagan, also known from an inscribed statue.