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The legal code was a common feature of the legal systems of the ancient Middle East. Many of them are examples of cuneiform law. The oldest evidence of a code of law was found at Ebla, in modern Syria (c. 2400 BC). [1] The Sumerian Code of Ur-Nammu (c. 2100 –2050 BC), then the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi (c. 1760 BC), are amongst the ...
The Code of Ur-Nammu is the oldest known surviving law code. It is from Mesopotamia and is written on tablets, in the Sumerian language c. 2100–2050 BCE . It contains strong statements of royal power like "I eliminated enmity, violence, and cries for justice."
Cuneiform law refers to any of the legal codes written in cuneiform script that were developed and used throughout the ancient Middle East among the Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Elamites, Hurrians, Kassites, and Hittites. [1] The Code of Hammurabi is the best-known of the cuneiform laws, but there were a number of precursor laws. [1]
The Law Code of Gortyn (Crete), c. 450 BCE from Ancient History Sourcebook; PHI 200508 The Packard Humanities Institute (full Greek text after Willetts 1967). Codificiation, tradition and innovation in the law code of Gortyn; The Law Code of Gortyn / ed. with introduction, transl. and a commentary by Ronald F. Willets. downloadable pdf.
The Code of Lipit-Ishtar is a collection of laws promulgated by Lipit-Ishtar (r. 1934 – 1924 BCE ), a ruler in Lower Mesopotamia. As cuneiform law, it is a legal code written in cuneiform script in the Sumerian language. [2] [3] It is the second-oldest known extant legal code after the Code of Ur-Nammu.
There is no systematic collection of ancient Greek laws; the earliest notions of the subject can be found in Homeric poems. Later, the works of Theophrastus, On the Laws, are said to have included a recapitulation of the laws of various barbaric as well as of the ancient Grecian states, yet only a few fragments of it remain. [1]
Photo Illustration by Luis G. Rendon/The Daily Beast/GettySeveral years ago, Ryan Baumann, a digital humanities developer at Duke University, was leafing through an early 20th-century collection ...
Assyrian law, also known as the Middle Assyrian Laws (MAL) or the Code of the Assyrians, was an ancient legal code developed between 1450 and 1250 BCE in the Middle Assyrian Empire. [ 1 ] : 272 It was very similar to Sumerian and Babylonian law , [ 2 ] although the penalties for offenses were generally more brutal. [ 2 ]