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Mariner 2 (Mariner-Venus 1962), an American space probe to Venus, was the first robotic space probe to report successfully from a planetary encounter. The first successful spacecraft in the NASA Mariner program , it was a simplified version of the Block I spacecraft of the Ranger program and an exact copy of Mariner 1 .
Mariner 2 (designated Mariner R-2) was launched on August 27, 1962, sending it on a 3½-month flight to Venus. The mission was a success, and Mariner 2 became the first spacecraft to have flown by another planet. On the way it measured for the first time the solar wind, a constant stream of charged particles flowing outward from the Sun.
2), and discovered that Venus's atmosphere was considerably denser than Venera 4 's designers had anticipated. [220] In an early example of space cooperation the data of Venera 4 was joined with the 1967 Mariner 5 data, analysed by a combined Soviet–American science team in a series of colloquia over the following year. [221]
On 7 January 2020 2nd Space Warning Squadron detected the launches of more than a dozen missiles against US and coalition partners. [2] This provided crucial warning to the warfighters, which helped them to take cover .
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Mariner Mark II spacecraft were to use common design, hardware and software solutions, much of it derived from previous missions such as Voyager and Galileo as well as select new technologies, such as advanced gyroscopes, all with the aim of cutting costs. It was hoped that this new approach would reduce the mission costs to about $400 million ...
The detector is a photodiode made of a 1.2-kilogram (2.6 lb) germanium crystal, reverse biased to about 3 kilovolts, mounted at the end of a 6-metre (20 ft) boom to minimize interferences from the gamma radiation produced by the spacecraft itself. Its spatial resolution is about 300 kilometres (190 mi). [2] [3]
Mariner investors will receive a 0.17043 share of Apache and $7.80 in cash for every Mariner share they hold, valuing the deal at $26.22 per share, prior the the merger announcement.