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A wood-decay or xylophagous fungus is any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot. Some species of wood-decay fungi attack dead wood, such as brown rot, and some, such as Armillaria (honey fungus), are parasitic and colonize living trees.
Armillaria root rot is a fungal root rot caused by several different members of the genus Armillaria. The symptoms are variable depending on the host infected, ranging from stunted leaves to chlorotic needles and dieback of twigs and branches. However, all infected hosts display symptoms characteristic of being infected by a white rotting ...
This is the only spore-bearing phase. The fungus overwinters as either rhizomorphs or vegetative mycelium. [28] Infected wood is weakened through decay in roots and tree base after destruction of the vascular cambium and underlying wood. [22] Trees become infected by A. mellea when rhizomorphs growing through the soil encounter uninfected roots ...
Honey fungus can grow on living, decaying, and dead plant material. Honey fungus spreads from living trees, dead and live roots and stumps by means of reddish-brown to black rhizomorphs (root-like structures) at the rate of approximately 3.3 feet (1 m) a year, but infection by root contact is possible. Infection by spores is rare.
Heterobasidion irregulare is a tree root rotting pathogenic fungus that belongs to the genus Heterobasidion, which includes important pathogens of conifers and other woody plants. It has a wide host and geographic range throughout North America and causes considerable economic damage in pine plantations in the United States.
The fungus attached the young trees by direct root contact or by fungal rhizomorphs extending from the dead trees roots. [11] The hyphae , mycelium , and rhizomorphs of A. novae-zelandiae can survive on infected tissues in soil for a long time, and in spring when plants start growing, the pathogen can infect new growing tissue.
The trees die from failure to take up water and nutrients because the main roots are decayed. The death is also accelerated by wind that throws the trees down. It is estimated that Laminated root rot reduces timber production by about 4.4 million cubic meters annually. [4] Wood losses in British Columbia are estimated to be 1.4 million cubic ...
Armillaria tabescens is found to attack trees that are already stressed or have a wound. The pathogen can spread its mycelia and get into the trunk or root of a tree. [9] The fungus has the ability to spread its mycelia throughout the root and trunk system and form mycelial mats.