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Money laundering is the process of illegally concealing the origin of money obtained from illicit activities (often known as dirty money) such as drug trafficking, underground sex work, terrorism, corruption, embezzlement, and treason, and converting the funds into a seemingly legitimate source, usually through a front organization.
The sender gives money to an IVTS agent and their counterpart in the receiver region/country acts as deliverer of this money. The sender calls or faxes instructions to his counterpart and the money gets delivered in a matter of a few hours. In the past, the message could be delivered using couriers, with men or even animals (such as pigeons).
The definition was created to encompass more than just banks which normally provide these services to include non-bank financial institutions. An MSB has specific meanings in different jurisdictions , but generally includes any business that transmits money or representatives of money, provides foreign currency exchange such as Bureaux de ...
In 2005, money laundering within the financial industry in the UK was believed to amount to £25bn a year. [5] In 2009, a United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) study [ 6 ] estimated that criminal proceeds amounted to 3.6% of global GDP , with 2.7% (or US$1.6 trillion) being laundered.
Money laundering is broadly defined in the UK. [81] In effect any handling or involvement with any proceeds of any crime (or monies or assets representing the proceeds of crime) can be a money laundering offence. An offender's possession of the proceeds of his own crime falls within the UK definition of money laundering. [82]
Structuring, also known as smurfing in banking jargon, is the practice of executing financial transactions such as making bank deposits in a specific pattern, calculated to avoid triggering financial institutions to file reports required by law, such as the United States' Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) and Internal Revenue Code section 6050I (relating to the requirement to file Form 8300).
Generally the term applies in the context of law enforcement and related activities. One of the main purposes of financial intelligence is to identify financial transactions that may involve tax evasion, money laundering or some other criminal activity. FININT may also be involved in identifying financing of criminal and terrorist organisations.
The Anti-Money Laundering Improvement Act established national and international policies to prevent and combat money laundering and terrorist financing. [1]It protects the integrity of financial institutions by detecting money laundering activities, which involve converting illegally obtained funds into legitimate assets through complex transactions and disguising the proceeds as lawful funds.