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It is the traditional language of Wales but was supplanted in large part by English, becoming a minority language in the early 20th century. [11] For the year ending 30 June 2022, the Welsh Annual Population Survey showed that 29.7% (899,500) people aged three or older were able to speak Welsh. [ 12 ]
As of 2024, there are 57 sovereign states and 28 non-sovereign entities where English is an official language. Many administrative divisions have declared English an official language at the local or regional level. Most states where English is an official language are former territories of the British Empire.
Well into the 19th century English was spoken by relatively few in Wales, and prior to the early 20th century there are only three major Welsh-born writers who wrote in the English language: George Herbert (1593–1633) from Montgomeryshire, Henry Vaughan (1622–1695) from Brecknockshire, and John Dyer (1699–1757) from Carmarthenshire.
The results of the survey for south-east and south-west Wales were published as two volumes in 1977 and 1979. [2] [3] To these a companion volume on north Wales was added in 1991 [4] A second (urban) phase (SAWD II) covering four towns in different parts of Wales was started by Robert Penhallurick in 1986.
In Wales, bilingualism and bi-literacy (in Welsh and English) is firmly on the education agenda too. The number of pupils choosing Welsh-medium education has seen a steady increase of 3% over the ...
Both Welsh and English are official languages. A majority of the population of Wales speaks English. Welsh is the dominant language in parts of the north and west, with a total of 538,300 Welsh speakers across the entire country. Wales has four UNESCO world heritage sites, of which three are in the north.
[14] The concerns of the British political establishment were confirmed in the 1847 Reports of the Commissioners of Inquiry into the State of Education in Wales, commonly known in Wales as the Treason of the Blue Books, which, based on evidence taken in towns and villages around Wales, said that "The Welsh language is a vast drawback to Wales ...
The dialect developed distinctively as the city grew in the nineteenth century, with an influx of migrants from different parts of Britain and further afield. The Cardiff accent and vocabulary has been influenced in particular by those who moved there from the English Midlands, the West Country, other parts of Wales, and Ireland. [6]