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Most metal carbonyl complexes contain a mixture of ligands. Examples include the historically important IrCl(CO)(P(C 6 H 5) 3) 2 and the antiknock agent (CH 3 C 5 H 4)Mn(CO) 3. The parent compounds for many of these mixed ligand complexes are the binary carbonyls, those species of the formula [M x (CO) n] z, many of which are
Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a poisonous, flammable gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom connected by a triple bond .
For example, calculations suggest that Fe 2 (CO) 9 lacks an iron–iron bond by virtue of a 3-center 2-electron bond involving one of three bridging CO ligands. [5] Representations of two kinds of μ-bridging ligand interactions, 3-center, 4-electron bond (left) and 3-center, 2-electron bonding. [5]
In the covalent bond classification method, κ 1-carbonate is anX ligand and κ 2-carbonate is an X 2 ligand. With two metals, the number of bonding modes increases because carbonate often serves as a bridging ligand. It can span metal-metal bonds as in [Ru 2 (CO 3) 4 Cl 2] 5-, where again it functions as an (X) 2 ligand.
In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula C=O, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes , ketones and carboxylic acid ), as part of many larger functional groups.
It can be summarised by the formula (CO) 3 Co(μ-CO) 2 Co(CO) 3 and has C 2v symmetry. This structure resembles diiron nonacarbonyl ( Fe 2 (CO) 9 ) but with one fewer bridging carbonyl. The Co–Co distance is 2.52 Å, and the Co–CO terminal and Co–CO bridge distances are 1.80 and 1.90 Å, respectively. [ 8 ]
The HOMO of the carbyne ligand interacts with the LUMO of the metal to create the σ-bond. The two π-bonds are formed when the two HOMO orbitals of the metal back-donate to the LUMO of the carbyne. They are also called metal alkylidynes—the carbon is a carbyne ligand. Such compounds are useful in organic synthesis of alkynes and nitriles ...
A ligand exchange (also called ligand substitution) is a chemical reaction in which a ligand in a compound is replaced by another. Two general mechanisms are recognized: associative substitution or by dissociative substitution .