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The Mesopotamian campaign or Mesopotamian front [9] (Turkish: Irak Cephesi) was a campaign in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I fought between the Allies represented by the British Empire, troops from Britain, Australia and the vast majority from British Raj, against the Central Powers, mostly the Ottoman Empire.
The Bastard War: The Mesopotamian Campaign of 1914–1918. New York: Dial Press. OCLC 2118235. Moberly, Frederick (2011). The Campaign in Mesopotamia 1914–1918: History of the Great War Based on Official Documents. Vol. 1. Uckfield (East Sussex (Grande-Bretagne)): The Naval & Military Press. ISBN 9781845749422. Townshend, Charles (2011).
The siege of Kut Al Amara (7 December 1915 – 29 April 1916), also known as the first battle of Kut, was the besieging of an 8,000-strong British Army garrison in the town of Kut, 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad, by the Ottoman Army.
The Western Front comprised the fractious borders between France, Germany, and the neighboring countries. It was infamous for the nature of the fight that developed there; after almost a full year of inconclusive fighting, the front had become a giant trench line stretching from one end of Europe to the other. [1] 1914. Battle of Liège
First invasion of Mesopotamia; Second invasion of Mesopotamia. Battle of al-Qādisiyyah; Battle of Nahāvand; Persian Rebellion 649-51; Arab- Turgesh wars Day of Thirst in 724; Battle of the Defile in 731; Arab–Khazar wars; Abbasid Caliphate conflicts Abbasid revolt Battle of the Zab 750; Arab–Byzantine wars 780–1180 Battle of Krasos 804/ ...
On November 7, 1914, British troops began the march from Fao to Basra. [2] The Ottomans attacked the British camp at dawn on November 11, but were defeated. [1] The Ottomans prepared defensive positions at Saihan, and on November 15 the British attacked. The Ottomans were beaten, suffering 250 casualties and the British continued to advance. [3]
During World War I, an invasion of the region was undertaken by British Empire forces and was known as the Mesopotamian campaign. Fighting commenced with the Battle of Basra in 1914 and continued for the duration of the war.
The initial landing force was a contingent of Royal Marines from HMS Ocean and British Indian troops of the 16th (Poona) Brigade under Walter Sinclair Delamain. [2] The British sloop HMS Odin shelled the Turkish positions near the old fortress of Fao, silencing the enemy batteries and clearing the way for the landing force.