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  2. Anomic aphasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomic_aphasia

    Analysis of picture-naming is compared with reading, picture categorizing, and word categorizing. There is a considerable similarity among aphasia syndromes in terms of picture-naming behavior, however anomic aphasiacs produced the fewest phonemic errors and the most multiword circumlocutions.

  3. Dysgraphia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysgraphia

    Dysgraphia may cause students distress often due to the fact that no one can read their writing, and they are aware that they are not performing to the same level as their peers. Emotional problems that may occur alongside dysgraphia include impaired self-esteem , lowered self-efficacy , reduced motivation, poorer social functioning, heightened ...

  4. Agraphia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agraphia

    Pitres's clinical case study in 1884 argues for the localization of writing in the brain. [14] Pitres's reading and writing models consisted of three main components: visual (the memory for letters and how letters are put together to form syllables and word), auditory (the memory for the sounds of each letter), and motor (motor-graphic memory ...

  5. Word recognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_recognition

    Word recognition is a manner of reading based upon the immediate perception of what word a familiar grouping of letters represents. This process exists in opposition to phonetics and word analysis, as a different method of recognizing and verbalizing visual language (i.e. reading). [8] Word recognition functions primarily on automaticity.

  6. Missing letter effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_letter_effect

    For readers reading in their less proficient language, their word familiarity and knowledge of word frequency and function is much more limited. [3] Because of this, readers process text more sufficiently and pay more attention to individual words and “letter by letter word identification”, which results in less omissions of target letters ...

  7. Visual agnosia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_agnosia

    These variants of visual agnosia include prosopagnosia (inability to recognize faces), pure word blindness (inability to recognize words, often called "agnosic alexia" or "pure alexia"), agnosias for colors (inability to differentiate colors), agnosias for the environment (inability to recognize landmarks or difficulty with spatial layout of an ...

  8. Reading disability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_disability

    Dyslexia is a learning difficulty that primarily affects the skills involved in accurate and fluent word reading and spelling. Characteristic features of dyslexia are difficulties in phonological awareness, verbal memory and verbal processing speed. Dyslexia occurs across the range of intellectual abilities.

  9. Recognition failure of recallable words - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recognition_failure_of...

    Although recognition of previously-studied words through a recognition memory test, in which the words are re-presented for a memory judgment, generally yields a greater response probability than the recall of previously studied words through a recall test, in which the words must be mentally retrieved from memory, Tulving found that this ...