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Nuclear fusion–fission hybrid (hybrid nuclear power) is a proposed means of generating power by use of a combination of nuclear fusion and fission processes. The concept dates to the 1950s, and was briefly advocated by Hans Bethe during the 1970s, but largely remained unexplored until a revival of interest in 2009, due to the delays in the ...
Various authors have also put forth ways to organize all the fusion approaches that have been tested over the past 70+ years. This flow chart above groups the approaches into color coded families, these are: the Pinch Family (orange), The Mirror Family (red), Cusp Systems (violet), Tokamaks & Stellarators (Green), Plasma Structures (gray), Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (dark yellow ...
This is the artificial thermonuclear fusion, and the first weaponization of fusion energy. [15] Experimental research of toroidal magnetic confinement systems starts at the Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, led by a group of Soviet scientists led by Lev Artsimovich. Device chambers are constructed from glass, porcelain, or metal.
Deterrence (film) (1999) – depicting fictional events about nuclear brinkmanship involving the United States and the dropping of a nuclear bomb on Baghdad, Iraq. Dirty War (BBC/HBO, 2004) – follows the journey of a radioactive isotope into England, where it is ultimately turned into multiple dirty bombs and detonated in central London.
Articles dealing specifically with using this process to produce useful power are contained in the subcategory Fusion power. Articles about nuclear processes that are speculative or poorly understood (like cold fusion ), or whose potential for power production is remote (like muon-catalyzed fusion ) are kept in the main category.
Most nuclear fuels undergo spontaneous fission only very slowly, decaying instead mainly via an alpha-beta decay chain over periods of millennia to eons. In a nuclear reactor or nuclear weapon, the overwhelming majority of fission events are induced by bombardment with another particle, a neutron, which is itself produced by prior fission events.
In the "Nuclear fusion in stars" section, the sentence "The net result is the fusion of four protons into one alpha particle, with the release of two positrons, two neutrinos (which changes two of the protons into neutrons), and energy" should have its parenthetical clause moved to follow "positrons" rather than "neutrinos", in order to avoid ...
Nuclear fusion, multiple atomic nuclei combining to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles Fusion power , power generation using controlled nuclear fusion reactions Cold fusion , a hypothesized type of nuclear reaction that would occur at or near room temperature